Friday Morning Pairs Friday Morn Session December 6, 2024 Scores after 8 rounds Average: 96.0 Section A North-South Pair Pct Score Section Rank MPs A B C 3 62.76 120.50 A 1 0.90(A) Edward Barlow - Josephine Ventura 7 60.68 116.50 A 2 0.63(A) Ken Rosenfeld - Alex Martelli 6 56.25 108.00 A 3 0.45(A) Rajeeva Sharma - Hansa Narasimhan 9 52.60 101.00 A 4 0.32(A) Shankar Iyer - Henryk Szejnwald 4 48.44 93.00 B 1 0.40(B) Kathy Wheeler - Stephanie Yoshikawa 5 45.83 88.00 C 2 0.28(B) Hubert Roberts - Judith Corney 2 44.01 84.50 B Colin Hemsley - Anne Dudman 8 41.41 79.50 B Marla Kravatz - Joni Smith 1 38.02 73.00 B Sue Bockmann - Annie Green Friday Morning Pairs Friday Morn Session December 6, 2024 Scores after 8 rounds Average: 96.0 Section A East-West Pair Pct Score Section Rank MPs A B C 7 54.43 104.50 C 1 1 1 0.90(A) Jesse Fang - Youfeng Wu 4 54.17 104.00 B 2/3 2/3 0.54(A) Denise Pitsch - H Paul Davis 8 54.17 104.00 C 2/3 2/3 0.54(A) Bill Roman - Monica Bacon-Proctor 1 52.60 101.00 B 4 0.32(A) Valerie Baldwin - Nancy Steinbach 2 51.82 99.50 A Randy Ryals - Charlene Friedman 3 51.04 98.00 B Marc Cervellino - Rich Nielsen 6 46.35 89.00 B Jian Fang - Geraldine MacDonald 9 46.35 89.00 A Aster Wu - Rick Giusti 5 39.06 75.00 C Dan Cohen - William Somers RESULTS OF BOARD 1 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 1.00 7.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 100 6.00 2.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 7-Fang-Wu 110 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 9-Wu-Giusti 50 3.00 5.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 90 1.00 7.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 50 4.00 4.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 100 6.00 2.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 90 1.00 7.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 100 6.00 2.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 5-Cohen-Somers ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 2 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 620 6.00 2.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 140 2.00 6.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 7-Fang-Wu 620 6.00 2.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 9-Wu-Giusti 100 0.50 7.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 170 3.00 5.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 620 6.00 2.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 100 0.50 7.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 620 6.00 2.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 620 6.00 2.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 5-Cohen-Somers ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 3 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 1.50 6.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 120 5.00 3.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 7-Fang-Wu 420 7.00 1.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 9-Wu-Giusti 50 1.50 6.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 50 1.50 6.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 460 8.00 0.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 50 1.50 6.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 110 4.00 4.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 400 6.00 2.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 5-Cohen-Somers ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 4 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 110 3.00 5.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 9-Wu-Giusti 100 6.00 2.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 110 3.00 5.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 100 6.00 2.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 140 0.50 7.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 140 0.50 7.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 5-Cohen-Somers 100 6.00 2.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 7-Fang-Wu 110 3.00 5.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 200 8.00 0.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 6-Fang-MacDonald ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 5 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 2.00 6.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 9-Wu-Giusti 110 1.00 7.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 50 3.00 5.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 120 7.00 1.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 100 5.00 3.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 120 7.00 1.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 5-Cohen-Somers 120 7.00 1.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 7-Fang-Wu 90 4.00 4.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 200 0.00 8.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 6-Fang-MacDonald ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 6 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 7.00 1.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 9-Wu-Giusti 100 7.00 1.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 140 2.00 6.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 100 5.00 3.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 140 2.00 6.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 140 2.00 6.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 5-Cohen-Somers 100 7.00 1.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 7-Fang-Wu 140 2.00 6.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 140 2.00 6.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 6-Fang-MacDonald ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 7 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 650 3.50 4.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 650 3.50 4.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 630 7.00 1.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 650 3.50 4.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 9-Wu-Giusti 680 0.00 8.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 650 3.50 4.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 650 3.50 4.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 620 8.00 0.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 5-Cohen-Somers 650 3.50 4.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 7-Fang-Wu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 8 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 0.00 8.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 420 1.50 6.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 800 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 440 4.00 4.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 9-Wu-Giusti 520 6.50 1.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 490 5.00 3.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 520 6.50 1.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 430 3.00 5.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 5-Cohen-Somers 420 1.50 6.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 7-Fang-Wu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 9 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 1.00 7.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 100 4.50 3.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 150 1.00 7.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 50 6.00 2.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 9-Wu-Giusti 140 3.00 5.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 110 7.00 1.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 100 4.50 3.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 150 1.00 7.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 5-Cohen-Somers 200 8.00 0.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 7-Fang-Wu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 10 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 110 1.00 7.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 7-Fang-Wu 200 4.50 3.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 9-Wu-Giusti 80 2.00 6.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 140 3.00 5.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 400 6.00 2.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 500 7.00 1.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 630 8.00 0.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 5-Cohen-Somers 200 0.00 8.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 200 4.50 3.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 11 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 480 7.50 0.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 7-Fang-Wu 990 0.00 8.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 9-Wu-Giusti 490 3.50 4.50 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 490 3.50 4.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 490 3.50 4.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 490 3.50 4.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 490 3.50 4.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 5-Cohen-Somers 480 7.50 0.50 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 490 3.50 4.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 12 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 420 1.00 7.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 7-Fang-Wu 420 1.00 7.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 9-Wu-Giusti 50 6.50 1.50 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 50 6.50 1.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 50 6.50 1.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 140 3.50 4.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 140 3.50 4.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 5-Cohen-Somers 420 1.00 7.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 50 6.50 1.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 13 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 130 5.00 3.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 200 8.00 0.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 200 3.00 5.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 300 2.00 6.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 100 6.50 1.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 5-Cohen-Somers 100 6.50 1.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 140 4.00 4.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 1100 0.00 8.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 7-Fang-Wu 630 1.00 7.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 9-Wu-Giusti ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 14 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 0.00 8.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 100 2.00 6.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 50 4.00 4.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 100 2.00 6.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 110 7.50 0.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 5-Cohen-Somers 100 6.00 2.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 50 5.00 3.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 100 2.00 6.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 7-Fang-Wu 110 7.50 0.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 9-Wu-Giusti ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 15 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 5.00 3.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 110 1.00 7.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 300 0.00 8.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 110 8.00 0.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen PASS 2.50 5.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 5-Cohen-Somers 50 5.00 3.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 100 7.00 1.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 4-Pitsch-Davis PASS 2.50 5.50 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 7-Fang-Wu 50 5.00 3.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 9-Wu-Giusti ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 16 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 4.50 3.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 5-Cohen-Somers 140 4.50 3.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 140 4.50 3.50 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 140 4.50 3.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 50 0.00 8.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 7-Fang-Wu 140 4.50 3.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 9-Wu-Giusti 140 4.50 3.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 140 4.50 3.50 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 140 4.50 3.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 17 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 1.50 6.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 5-Cohen-Somers 300 0.00 8.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 100 7.00 1.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 150 8.00 0.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 90 5.50 2.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 7-Fang-Wu 150 1.50 6.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 9-Wu-Giusti 90 5.50 2.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 50 3.00 5.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 50 4.00 4.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 18 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 5.50 2.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 5-Cohen-Somers 50 4.00 4.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 150 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 90 2.00 6.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 90 2.00 6.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 7-Fang-Wu 90 2.00 6.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 9-Wu-Giusti 100 5.50 2.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 120 0.00 8.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 120 7.00 1.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 19 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 420 5.00 3.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 420 5.00 3.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 450 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 5-Cohen-Somers 170 1.00 7.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 7-Fang-Wu 420 5.00 3.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 9-Wu-Giusti 420 5.00 3.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 400 2.00 6.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 420 5.00 3.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 50 0.00 8.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 2-Ryals-Friedman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 20 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 4.00 4.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 120 6.00 2.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 200 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 5-Cohen-Somers 300 1.00 7.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 7-Fang-Wu 110 2.00 6.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 9-Wu-Giusti 120 6.00 2.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 100 3.00 5.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 120 6.00 2.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 670 0.00 8.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 2-Ryals-Friedman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 21 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 1.50 6.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 4-Pitsch-Davis 170 0.00 8.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 650 6.50 1.50 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 5-Cohen-Somers 620 3.50 4.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 7-Fang-Wu 650 6.50 1.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 9-Wu-Giusti 200 1.50 6.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 650 6.50 1.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 620 3.50 4.50 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 650 6.50 1.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 2-Ryals-Friedman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 22 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 5.00 3.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 200 5.00 3.00 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 5-Cohen-Somers 400 8.00 0.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 7-Fang-Wu 90 1.00 7.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 200 5.00 3.00 5-Roberts-Corney vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 150 2.50 5.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 150 2.50 5.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 9-Wu-Giusti 50 0.00 8.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 300 7.00 1.00 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 4-Pitsch-Davis ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 23 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 170 0.00 8.00 1-Bockmann-Green vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 650 5.50 2.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 5-Cohen-Somers 200 1.50 6.50 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 7-Fang-Wu 650 5.50 2.50 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 650 5.50 2.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 650 5.50 2.50 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 650 5.50 2.50 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 9-Wu-Giusti 650 5.50 2.50 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 200 1.50 6.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 4-Pitsch-Davis ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 24 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 1010 1.50 6.50 1-Bockmann-Green vs 3-Cervellino-Nielsen 1010 1.50 6.50 2-Hemsley-Dudman vs 5-Cohen-Somers 1020 5.00 3.00 3-Barlow-Ventura vs 7-Fang-Wu 1020 5.00 3.00 4-Wheeler-Yoshikawa vs 6-Fang-MacDonald 1010 1.50 6.50 5-Roberts-Corney vs 8-Roman-Bacon-Proctor 1020 5.00 3.00 6-Sharma-Narasimhan vs 1-Baldwin-Steinbach 1520 8.00 0.00 7-Rosenfeld-Martelli vs 9-Wu-Giusti 1510 7.00 1.00 8-Kravatz-Smith vs 2-Ryals-Friedman 1010 1.50 6.50 9-Iyer-Szejnwald vs 4-Pitsch-Davis ----------------------------------------------------------------------